J Neurosurg Spine 42:147–157, 2025
• Expandable cages improve clinical and radiographic outcomes in TLIF compared to static cages.
• Patients with expandable cages experienced greater increases in segmental lumbar lordosis (SL).
• Expandable cages resulted in fewer readmissions and less adjacent-segment disease (ASD).
• Lower estimated blood loss (EBL) with expandable cages, but similar operative times.
• No significant differences in intraoperative or perioperative complications between cage types.
• Patients with expandable cages were more likely to be symptom-free at last follow-up.
• Expandable cages showed persistent improvements in radiographic parameters over time.
• Propensity score matching used to create comparable cohorts for analysis. • Study focused on one or two-level open TLIF procedures to reduce heterogeneity.
• Expandable cages allow for better restoration of SL without the need for complex surgeries.
• Study limitations include absence of randomized controlled trials and short follow-up durations.
• Findings may not apply to minimally invasive TLIFs or multilevel surgeries.
• Data collected retrospectively from Brigham and Women’s Hospital from 2016 to 2023.
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