Management of intracavitary bleeding during ultra-early minimally invasive intracerebral hemorrhage evacuation

J Neurosurg 142:1003–1013, 2025

Ultra-early minimally invasive endoscopic evacuation of intracerebral hemorrhage within 5 hours increases intraoperative bleeding but does not elevate risks of postoperative rebleeding or worsen long-term outcomes, suggesting safe exploration of its clinical benefits with proper techniques.

• Objective: The study examines the management of intracavitary bleeding during ultra-early minimally invasive intracerebral hemorrhage evacuation.

• Methodology: Patients with spontaneous supratentorial ICH were triaged for surgical evacuation using a 5-point intraoperative bleeding scale.

• Findings: Ultra-early evacuation within 5 hours is associated with increased intraoperative bleeding but not with postoperative rebleeding or worse long-term outcomes.

• Bleeding Scale: A score of 1 indicates no active bleeding, while a score of 5 indicates severe bleeding requiring extensive irrigation and cauterization.

• Results: Ultra-early evacuation had a mean bleeding score of 4.9, compared to 2.3 for evacuations conducted 5 to 10 hours after ictus.

• Conclusion: The benefits of ultra-early evacuation can be explored without increased risk of postoperative rebleeding using minimally invasive endoscopic techniques.

• Significance: The study supports the safety and feasibility of early evacuation strategies in improving functional outcomes for ICH patients.