J Neurosurg 142:1280–1288, 2025
A novel robot-assisted method for implanting intracortical microelectrode arrays in brain-computer interface studies was successfully demonstrated in a tetraplegic participant. The technique ensured precise placement, facilitating high-quality signal communication for motor control and sensory feedback, with promising implications for restoring upper-limb function.
• A novel robot-assisted method for implanting intracortical microelectrode arrays in brain-computer interface (BCI) studies is presented, focusing on surgical techniques and challenges.
• The technique was applied in a 31-year-old male with tetraplegia, enabling 2D control of a virtual arm with high success rates and maintaining recording quality over time.
• The robotic neurosurgery technique provides high accuracy and time efficiency, reducing human error and surgeon burden in repetitive procedures.
• Preoperative imaging and robotic systems were used for precise planning and execution of array implantations, ensuring minimal cortical damage and high signal quality.
• The study demonstrated that robotic neurosurgery could be successfully translated into BCI device implantation, aiming to restore upper-limb function.
• Future challenges include refining insertion methods, increasing automation, and addressing intraoperative adjustments for microvessels.
• The study was conducted under an investigational device exemption from the US Food and Drug Administration and received institutional review board approval.
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